Editor’s Note: The publicity campaign on the theme of "Chinese Dream: Artisans in Great Countries" was jointly carried out by the National Internet Information Office and the All-China Federation of Trade Unions, aiming at vigorously promoting the spirit of model workers, labor spirit and artisans, creating a glorious social fashion of labor and a professional atmosphere of striving for perfection, giving full play to the demonstration and leading role of advanced model figures, and encouraging more workers, especially young people, to take the road of becoming talents and serving the country with skills.

　　China Youth Network, Beijing, September 29th (Reporter Mou Haokun Intern reporter Wu Boyang correspondent Hasyeti Kasmu Li Shuangxing) Petroleum is the most important raw material in modern industrial society. Everyone’s food, clothing, housing and transportation are closely related to oil and natural gas.

　　For example, a bottle of mineral water on the table, which is put in front of you after water source discovery, mining, purification, bottling and transportation, consumes a third of the oil. If it is fruit juice, the oil consumption will be as much as half a bottle.

　　Before graduating from college, like many young people who have never been to an oil field, Fang Zhigang, a first-class engineer in Tuha Oilfield and a technical expert in China Petroleum Gas Lift Center, thought that once an oil well was drilled, the oil could be ejected or pumped out and then applied to all aspects of our lives. However, when he arrived in the Turpan-Hami basin, he realized that oil is contained in rock sand and needs to be "washed out" again and again by water and polymers.

　　Recently, the reporter followed the theme propaganda activity of "Chinese Dream, Artisans of Great Powers", and learned about the whole process of oil from exploitation, refining to export, as well as the symbolic brand technology of China oil. "Gas-lift oil recovery is an oil recovery method that injects high-pressure gas into the well from the ground and uses the principle of gas expansion to reduce the liquid density in the wellbore and lift crude oil to the ground." Fang Zhigang is an outstanding representative engaged in this technical research and the leader of the gas lift technical innovation team in recent years.

　　"What we are doing is to make oil wells produce high and stable yields."

　　"Facing the long yellow sand and the vast Gobi every day, it’s a bit monotonous and lonely after a long time, but I’m used to it." After graduating from college, Fang Zhigang, a young man from the northeast, came to the northwest of the motherland, which gradually made him feel special about this land in Xinjiang. In his eyes, the vast desert contains infinite possibilities. "If you want to dry oil, you want to choose the place with the most oil fields. The most promising place in the future is Xinjiang." He said.

　　Fang Zhigang went into the gas distribution room to check the gas injection in the gas lift well at the gas lift technical operation site in Jannarol Oilfield (well 2397). Photo courtesy of respondents

　　When he first arrived in Tuha Oilfield, Fang Zhigang came to Tuha Drilling Company for an internship. But the drilling work is a far cry from what Fang Zhigang imagined. Fang Zhigang starts from the construction site every day, lifting drill pipes and removing cuttings. At the end of the day, he is covered with mud and oil. What impressed me the most was that one day a nearby well overflowed and several drilling teams helped to prepare mud. Fang Zhigang and his workmates carried barite powder and poured it into the mud pit in bags. A bag of 25 kilograms, busy from the afternoon until late at night, when the danger is lifted, everyone is tired and paralyzed at the well site.

　　This is the first time that Fang Zhigang experienced heavy physical labor. Later, I heard from Master that overflow is the precursor of blowout, and barite powder mixed with mud is used to kill well and make blowout. If you hold down the well, it will be fine. If you can’t hold down the well, it will be a blowout accident, and the most serious machine will destroy people. At that time, what appeared in Fang Zhigang’s mind was the picture of Iron Man Wang Jinxi jumping into the mud pool, and he also understood the special significance behind everyone’s shoulder-pulling.

　　After the first Spring Festival in Tuha Oilfield, the company informed Fang Zhigang to report to the Institute of Engineering Technology. When he arrived at the Academy of Engineering and entered the gas lift center, Fang Zhigang’s first task was to design a slim hole expandable packer. At that time, Tuha Oilfield used sidetracking technology to bring a number of old wells and casing damaged wells back to life and re-employed. However, there is no matching small diameter packer in China, so the oilfield decided to develop it by itself.

　　When designing the rubber tube, the research team encountered problems. Small size does not have enough bearing capacity, and large size can’t get into the well. Repeated adjustment of the design failed to solve the problem. "It’s like a seesaw, taking care of one end and not caring about the other." Fang Zhigang said.

　　After soaking in the workshop for several days, Fang Zhigang pondered it over and over again. He found that the most serious deformation of the rubber tube was mainly at both ends, and this factor mainly affected the sealing performance.

　　"Can you change the rubber tube from fixed to movable, so as to reduce the risk of damage and improve the sealing performance?" Fang Zhigang’s idea, after implementation, really solved the problem. Master asserted that a single-minded young man can do technology and research.

　　After a period of oil well production, the pressure drop and the output drop, all of which need to be supplemented by artificial lifting to improve the output. In Fang Zhigang’s view, among many artificial lifting oil production methods, gas lift can give full play to the reservoir’s own energy. Under the condition of gas source, gas lift oil production is the first choice and the most economical and effective artificial lifting method in the oilfield. Moreover, gas lift can produce oil in the whole life cycle from the initial stage of production to the final shutdown.

　　With gas lift, wells with insufficient energy for flowing production can produce normally, wells with low production can increase production, and wells with high production can obtain higher production. Fang Zhigang often vividly said to the gas lift team members, "What we are doing is to make the oil well high and stable, make the oil field develop efficiently, and strive to make the oil field younger."

　　"The mountain is climbed step by step."

　　In 2010, Fang Zhigang took over the 48-gas lift technical service of BBA Oilfield in the Middle East, and the biggest problem was gas lift tools.

　　The crude oil in BBA Oilfield has "four highs", high sulfur content, high wax content, high carbon dioxide content and high asphaltene content, which requires high sulfur and corrosion resistance for downhole tools. In particular, the oil well is large in size and high in production, and the diameter of the working cylinder of gas lift valve is required to be 168 mm, while the largest size of Tuha gas lift in the past was only 127 mm.

　　"The diameter has increased by 41 mm, which seems to have only increased by one-third, but the technological difficulty is geometric growth, which is easy to talk about!" It is time-consuming, heavy-duty and difficult to complete the R&D and manufacturing test of tools and put them into field application within one year. When I first took over the task in 2010, many people described it as an "impossible task".

　　"The mountain is climbed step by step, and the ship is shaken out one by one." Fang Zhigang said, "If you don’t do it, you will never succeed."

　　When it really gets started, problems follow.

　　The first is to prevent hydrogen sulfide. Sulfur is the nemesis of metals. Generally, when metal meets hydrogen sulfide, it will produce "hydrogen embrittlement" phenomenon, and the stress will drop greatly, so it is easy to break off. The upper and lower ends of the working cylinder of the gas lift valve are connected with oil pipes, and the diameter is relatively small, while the diameter of the body part is large, which is "small at both ends and thick in the middle" on the whole. In the past, the working cylinder of gas lift valve mostly adopted welding technology, three-stage combination and two welds. However, sulfur has a great influence on the weld, and the sulfur-proof welding process is more difficult.

　　Domestic factories have found one after another, but they can’t guarantee sulfur-resistant welding. "Welding can’t be changed to forging!" Forging is not difficult. Just to solve the problems of shrinkage ratio and compression resistance, I don’t know how many times I optimized the structure repeatedly, and finally I had to choose a special-shaped working cylinder similar to an ellipse.

　　Press the hoist to float the ladle, avoiding the welding problem and welcoming the forging test. The special-shaped structure has greatly increased the difficulty of forging, and it is only after half a year of tackling key problems that we have found the top domestic factory in Shenyang.

　　Dozens of such large and small problems have been solved, almost all of which are original solutions. Finally, it’s time to wake up the underground gas lift tools. Whether the gas-lift tools that have been dormant underground for several years can be started normally or not, the gas-lift ceremony of Well 028 affects the hearts of all parties in the oilfield. Although every step of gas lift is carefully calculated and thought out, many original technologies are used to extract oil under such harsh conditions, which is unprecedented in China. "Whether it’s a dragon or a worm, we’ll see." Just like welcoming the birth of a child, Fang Zhigang was both nervous and excited in those days. "I still have the confidence to do my own work!"

　　At 9: 00 am on July 18, 2017, with the opening of the gas injection valve, natural gas was continuously injected into the wellbore. The primary valve is over-gassed, and the secondary valve is over-gassed … … Two days later, the gas lift well entered the normal working state, and the oil well output rose steadily until it exceeded 30% of the initial daily production. The oil field won the environmental protection award issued by the local government, which is the first time that the local government’s foreign cooperation project has won such an honor for decades.

　　"My greatest value is here."

　　In North Trouvat Oilfield (Well 7546), Fang Zhigang (third from left) led the team to go deep into the technical service site to carry out technical services. Photo courtesy of respondents

　　Working in the oil field and serving the domestic and foreign countries by gas lift is the norm in Fang Zhigang, and even the wife who works in the same unit rarely meets it.

　　At the end of 2014, his father, who was far away in the northeast, was critically ill, and Fang Zhigang hurried back to his hometown. When I met my father in the hospital, my condition was so serious that it was no longer suitable for treatment. Father said, "Son, let’s go home." Going home that day, my father died in the middle of the night.

　　I have been working for many years, far away from my hometown, and there are only a handful of days to be with my father. Children want to raise and don’t stay close. Fang Zhigang said that the most regrettable thing is that he failed to convince his father to come to Xinjiang to live together before his death.

　　After the birth of his youngest daughter, he was away on business all the year round. I have a vacation once in a while, but I can’t stay for a few days. When I first met my father, my little daughter felt strange and cried. Go to bed at night and drive straight out. A few days later, I finally got a little hot, and it was time to go again.

　　In 2011, Tuha gas lift entered the Middle East market. As the head of the Middle East project in Beijing, Fang Zhigang is as busy as a top every day. In July, it was the critical moment of business operation, and the two daughters had a high fever at the same time. Three days later, I still have a high fever. The wife was really desperate, so she called Fang Zhigang.

　　Report to the leader, immediately grant leave, and arrange for colleagues in Tuha Oilfield to coordinate vehicles and help take care of them. Fang Zhigang finished the work at hand overnight, and instructed his colleagues. Only then did he fly back to Xinjiang in a hurry and rushed to the hospital. At this time, the child’s body temperature exceeded 40 degrees Celsius, especially the one-and-a-half-year-old daughter, who has been in a coma since she had a fever. The doctor suggested that she be transferred to the hospital immediately. Rushed to Urumqi overnight, the hospital arranged directly into the intensive care unit. Seeing the child with an oxygen tube and a stomach tube, this strong northeast man shed tears.

　　Fortunately, three days later, the high fever eased and the child could open his eyes, so the couple were a little relieved. A week later, the child was transferred to the general ward. Fang Zhigang was ready to put up with his wife’s complaints and scolding, but she didn’t say anything. She understands that most oil families do.

　　A few years ago, some mainland enterprises also offered olive branches with high salaries, hoping to seek common development. Fang Zhigang declined politely. He said: "It is my breath that has made me. My greatest value is here, and the stage for giving full play to my talents is also here."

　　The layout of the Forbidden City embodies the designers’ wisdom. The clever thinking of "facing the mountain and facing the water" is one of the obvious characteristics. Jingshan Mountain is in the north of the Forbidden City, and Neijinshui River is in the south. There were no mountains in Beijing. When the Forbidden City was built in Yongle period, more than 1 million cubic meters of soil was excavated by opening a moat, and the piles of muck demolished by the Yuan Dynasty Palace could not be treated. So, a "waste utilization" came, which piled up the soil into mountains and planted trees on them. This is the Zhenshan in the north of the Forbidden City. Zhenshan was called "jingshan park" in the Ming Dynasty, and it was renamed "Jingshan" in the Qing Dynasty, and it has been used ever since. Jingshan is the commanding height in Beijing, which is east-west and narrow in the north-south direction, much like a screen. At the same time, when the Forbidden City was built, a culvert was dug downstairs from the northwest corner to introduce the moat water into the city. This is the specially dug Jinshui River. Jinshui River winds south through Chenglong Temple, winding all the way, turning east through Wuying Hall, passing Taihe Gate and Wenyuan Pavilion, and flowing out of the Forbidden City from the southeast corner. Jinshui River not only provides drainage channels for people in the Forbidden City, but also echoes with Jingshan Mountain, forming an aesthetic image of mountains, rivers and mountains in harmony. The surface of Jinshui River is lower than the ground of the Forbidden City, and the main part of the Forbidden City is built on the balcony between Jingshan and Jinshui River. Through Jingshan Mountain and Jinshui River, the Forbidden City is in harmony with nature in the aesthetic sense.

　　"negative yin embraces yang" is also a feature of the layout of the forbidden city. All the important palaces in the city face south. Chapter 42 of Laozi’s Tao Te Ching says: "Everything is negative and holds Yang, and rushing into the air is thought to be harmonious". It means that everything in the world is shady and sunny, and yin and yang interact to form a new harmonious body. The important palace buildings in the Forbidden City face south, with a large number of doors and windows in the south and fewer doors and windows in the north. The Book of Changes, Zhuan Zhuan Zhuan, says, "Sages listen to the world from the south, and govern from the Ming Dynasty", which means that the ancient sages ruled the world by listening to the south and facing the bright sunshine. Similarly, this layout has scientific significance in geography: the Yellow River Basin in China is located in the most remarkable subtropical monsoon climate area in the northern hemisphere, and in winter, a high pressure is formed in the northwest of the Asian continent, with a northerly wind for several months; In summer, the center of high pressure turns to the southeast Pacific Ocean, and the rainy monsoon from the south makes the temperature rise and the summer heat pressing. Under this geographical condition, it is most suitable for the building to face south, with the north side closed to keep out the cold, and the south side with windows for sunlight and ventilation in summer.

　　Another feature of the layout of the Forbidden City is "taking the positive center". "Correcting" means that the north-south direction is the main axial direction of the building layout. This is mainly due to the construction experience of ancient Chinese craftsmen based on the geographical location and natural environment of China, that is, the main seat faces south and is symmetrical left and right. "Centripetal" means that all secondary buildings face the main building. All the ancient buildings in the Forbidden City are mainly quadrangles, with the main rooms facing south and the wing rooms facing east and west. This centripetal architectural style not only makes the distance between houses smaller, which is conducive to the convenience of transportation, but also reflects the idea of "China is supreme" and "China is still big" in ancient China culture. At the same time, this orientation layout reflects the unity and coordination of the ancient buildings in the Forbidden City, and there is no sense of clutter.

　　The architectural division of the Forbidden City is also particular. From the perspective of architectural functional zoning, the layout of the Forbidden City includes the imperial court area and the imperial court area. The buildings of the former dynasty were located in the south of the Forbidden City, mainly including the Hall of Supreme Harmony, the Hall of Zhonghe and the Hall of Baohe (commonly known as the Three Great Halls), which was the place where the emperor held important ceremonies. The imperial palace buildings are mainly located in the northern part of the Forbidden City, including Ganqing Palace, Jiaotai Palace, Kunning Palace (commonly known as the last three palaces) and the East and West Six palaces, which are the places where emperors and empresses live. The three great halls of the former dynasty occupied a large area and formed a huge pattern in the Forbidden City. These three buildings stand on a three-story platform, which is 8.13 meters high and takes the form of Sumitomo. Sumeru is actually the base of the Buddha statue. "Sumeru" is an Indian Buddhist term, which means "the center of the universe". Sumeru is used as the foundation of the building, which means that the building is stable and long-lasting. The three-story platform of the three halls can highlight the grandeur and height of the building, form an obvious contrast with other buildings in the Forbidden City, and highlight its extraordinary position. Not only that, the three halls are elegant in richness and dignified in exquisiteness, which highlights the majesty of the emperor. The Three Great Halls are not only the center of the Forbidden City, but also the center of Beijing, with the axis from Yongdingmen in the south to the Bell Tower in the north, becoming a straight central line. On both sides of this axis, buildings with less important functions are arranged symmetrically and orderly in turn. There is also a square with an area of 30,000 square meters in front of the Hall of Supreme Harmony. This layout is conducive to showing a grand scene when holding important ceremonies.For the six palaces of the East and West, they are symmetrically arranged and vertically arranged. These buildings are separated vertically and horizontally by the East-West Second Long Street and the alleys in front of the palace, forming a very regular and rigorous closed space with streets and lanes, and the doors and walls of the seats are connected and separated. In their own space, that is, in the independent courtyards of each palace, they have the same layout and basically the same architectural form. The plane of each palace is square, and the layout is in the form of a three-in-one courtyard with two courtyards. The front hall and the back bedroom are all equipped with halls, which are strictly symmetrical. The layout of the courtyards of the East-West Six Palaces is subtle and compact, which not only guarantees the privacy of the life of the Empress Dowager, but also has reasonable planning: "How deep the courtyards are" can reflect the location characteristics of the East-West Six Palaces in the Forbidden City. On the whole, the architecture of the former dynasty was Yang, and Yang was majestic and tall. The architecture of the imperial palace is yin, and yin converges to the reality of hiding. The six palaces in the east and west and the three halls form a harmonious and unified wisdom thought of rigidity and softness, yang and yin.

　　In addition, the architectural layout of the Forbidden City was convex in the former dynasty and concave in the imperial palace. The combination of convex and concave is just like a mortise and tenon. This layout of tenon-mortise connection not only shows the ingenious tenon-mortise locking concept of the ancient buildings in the Forbidden City, but also embodies the concept of "Yin and Yang in one" in ancient Chinese architectural culture, which is a reflection of the wisdom of the builders of ancient architecture.

　　(The author is a research librarian of the Palace Museum)

Edit | Paul Yu Pin

Produced by Chaoqi. com "See the column"

This generation of young people have long been unable to integrate into the social process of "eating and drinking mahjong KTV" of their parents, but in reality, they are limited by time and space and cannot expand their social circle. They establish contact with strangers outside the life and work circle through online games and thus have emotional connections. Games have become the social currency of a new generation of young people.

Mobile games and e-sports have long been popular in the streets. At the moment of winning the championship, the popularity in bilibili live broadcast room has reached more than 400 million, and the popularity of Tiger Tooth live broadcast has reached more than 300 million. Judging from the popularity of its various online platforms, e-sports live broadcast has long been a national entertainment activity.

The market scale of the game has derived the social demand of the game, and the upcoming TT focuses on the social voice of the game, thus harvesting 100 million users. However, under the precedent of many social platforms that died of social atmosphere, 90% of users are TT voices after 95 s and 00 s, but people have to worry, can game-based socialization go on healthily?

From game voice to social tools

At first, TT voice was just a voice tool.

In 2012, the mobile game industry in China began to enter an explosive period, and a large number of game practitioners rushed into the game content production industry in an attempt to create an explosive game. However, at that time, most games were still in the initial stage, and there was no perfect voice communication system, but the need for players to communicate in time was very urgent.

Based on this, Fun Pill Network chose to start from the game voice tool. In 2014, TT voice became an instant hit. In the first year, the number of registered users exceeded 3 million, and the number of online users exceeded 60,000. In one year, the running water exceeded 100 million yuan.

However, it is difficult for tool apps to achieve considerable revenue. Moreover, after 2016, more and more games that need to be "blacked out" have added built-in instant voice systems, and the core business of TT voice has been impacted, not only because the ceiling is too low, but also because the tools themselves have become chicken ribs.

"Blackout" in the game itself is a social way, therefore, social transformation has become the easiest path for TT voice to cut in. In 2018, TT voice gradually added live voice, expanded chat, pia drama, dynamics and other kinetic energy, which was deeply tied with explosive mobile games such as the glory of the king and Peace Elite, enabling gamers to directly perform voice hacking, teaming up, scoring and other operations within TT voice, broadening the use scenarios of TT voice, and the average online market for daily users exceeded two hours.

In the field of game socialization, TT voice can be regarded as a deep-rooted player. For example, in finding a playmate, the glory of the king’s matching mechanism does not allow too much difference between segments. Many players find it difficult to match the right teammates and opponents with the same segment because the segment is too high or too low, but TT Voice can find the right playmate with the same segment based on the game and gender, so as to recognize gamers who have the same topic cognition.

In fact, not only mobile games like the glory of the king Peace Elite have voice social needs, but other games also have voice social needs, but many minority games have no funds and strength to add voice built-in and social channels. The "quick matching" of the "black channel" on TT voice homepage not only covers high-heat mobile games such as the glory of the player, the peaceful elite, the call of duty, the fifth personality, but also covers leisure and educational games such as light encounter, gobang, you draw and guess, which makes TT voice not a vassal of a certain game, but the best playmate of the game, and can inject fresh blood into the platform while stabilizing old users.

In addition, TT voice is not only satisfied with finding suitable game playmates for players, but also based on user interest tags and other information, using system algorithms to gather people with similar interests in the virtual room voice room by distributing playmates, finding radar and other functions, and sharing audio, video, pictures and other contents in real time to achieve the purpose of making friends. In addition to "playing in black", TT voice also opened content sections such as finding playmates and entertainment.

Judging from these functions, TT voice is not only a tool, but also a social ecology based on games, which meets all the online entertainment and leisure needs of this generation of young people.

Therefore, TT voice also has a living space outside the game content. According to publicly disclosed data, the unique TT voice has accumulated more than 100 million users by 2020, an increase of more than 80% from the previous month. In addition, the platform MAU reached 20 million, of which the post-95 s, that is, Z generation users accounted for as high as 90%.

During the first half of 2021, users spend about 158 minutes in TT voice chat rooms every day, and users initiate more than 850,000 voice chat rooms every day, an increase of 45.6% compared with the same period in 2020.

Sullivan pointed out in the report that TT voice has become the largest mobile voice social platform and the largest player-centered mobile social platform in China according to monthly users and income data.

The ceiling is too low and it is too difficult to grow.

According to the data of China Game Industry Report 2020 released by China Game Industry Research Institute, the number of game users in China will reach 665 million in 2020, with a year-on-year increase of 3.7%. In other words, there is one TT voice user in every six e-sports players.

However, it is worth noting that TT voice is actually known outside the deep e-sports players. Because almost every popular game has its own social function, players can achieve basic needs such as communication and team formation in the game. With the improvement of the voice communication system of the game itself, the chances of players opening the voice-assisted APP are bound to gradually decrease.

Therefore, it is not an exaggeration to say that TT voice survives in a crack, and this crack makes it difficult for TT voice to make a breakthrough in market scale.

In addition, there are too many voice social software, and the substitutability of TT voice is very high, not to mention that WeChat QQ can open black communication games in groups, and there are also black-opening software such as YY voice, KK voice and hello voice in the market to compete with it. In contrast, the competitive advantage of TT voice is not clear.

According to the prospectus, in the first half of 2021, the monthly activity of TT voice reached 16.2 million. Compared with the social products such as Gathering Times and Momo, the number of monthly users of less than 20 million is not large enough.

The ceiling is too low, the loyalty is not enough, and the user payment rate is also very low. According to the data in the prospectus, the monthly living payment rates from 2018 to 2020 were 7.3%, 7.1% and 5.3% respectively, and even fell to 5.1% in the first half of 2021, the lowest level in history.

In addition, the target users of TT voice are the post-95 s and post-00 s under the age of 24, but this young group has limited spending power and it is difficult to promote more consumption.

Moreover, the acquisition cost of TT voice is not low. According to the prospectus, in 2020 and the first half of 2021, the network and marketing expenses of Fun Pill Network increased by 123.06% and 120.88% year-on-year, both higher than the revenue growth in the same period and higher than the growth rate of paying users.

In addition, as an auxiliary tool APP, TT voice also needs to solve the problem of user retention. At the beginning, TT voice can be downloaded because of the formation of playmates, but after a short period of acquaintance and pairing, playmates who form fixed friends often develop into daily communication software such as WeChat /QQ for voice, dialogue, making friends, opening black and other activities.

As far as social tools are concerned, most of WeChat and QQ are bound with offline real social information, so the probability of users uninstalling software and accounts is very low, but only a small social APP with Internet strangers’ "friends", which leads to a higher probability of uninstalling software and accounts because of the low maintenance cost, making it difficult for users to really keep them.

In this way, TT voice has become a diversion middleman of WeChat QQ, and it is difficult for users to really stay. In fact, this problem is not only the embarrassment of TT voice, but also the embarrassment that all niche social tools except WeChat QQ are difficult to solve.

Risk involved in gray areas is high.

Almost all Internet companies want to socialize, and Ma Yun’s Alipay is no exception. However, social functions are easy to build in, but it is extremely difficult to make social apps.

In particular, it is indeed the common demand of a new generation of young people to make friends through games, but social interaction based on games can be an interest, but it is also easier to deteriorate.

With the development of Qinglang Action, many accompanying software such as "Bixin", "Little Deer Accompanied Play" and "hello Voice" have been taken off the shelves indefinitely because of illegal activities such as fraud and pornography, and social software accompanying games has become a high-risk zone for juvenile supervision.

Although TT voice has not been removed, it does not mean that it does not have this problem. On the home page of TT voice, the online number of blind date rooms has exceeded that of black-out, party, listening to songs and other rooms.

The content of "edge ball" can be said to be the user’s low quality, but TT voice belongs to the "ignition" in this kind of edge ball socialization, and the official attitude may even imply encouragement. Many users reported that TT voice received an "immediate private chat" automatically matched by the system after the initial download and registration, and the dynamic recommendations were all kinds of speeches and private messages.

Some media reports have pointed out that TT voice has voice rooms named after minors, and some voice rooms have voice contents such as suspected obscenity and abuse, and the report pointed out that the platform did not block these live broadcast rooms during the investigation.

On the black cat complaint platform, the number of complaints about TT voice is as high as 2,705, which is more than two old-fashioned voice software such as Momo YY live broadcast. The complaints include problems such as fraud, inducing minors to pay, and swearing.

There are also public reports this year. A 9-year-old girl from Guangzhou once got to know the suspect Lu Mou after downloading TT voice chat dating platform. Lu Mou gave her a red envelope in the name of giving gifts. Due to lack of judgment, she was cheated for 12,781 yuan.

TT voice expanding social interest content outside the game may encourage dangerous discussions. In the "expanding column" section of TT voice, there are a large number of underage users, and most of them are involved in puppy love, and the situation is extremely serious. The section of "Minors posting to find boyfriends in public" even has a very obvious recommended position in the APP, and even pornographic content shows obvious recommended positions, as well as obscure yellow-related drainage stickers.

Although social software can’t supervise all users’ languages, the target users of TT voice are mainly minors and young students under the age of 25. Are you sure this high-risk social interaction is not playing with fire?

At present, TT voice has no underage review mechanism. After downloading, registration can be completed only by receiving a four-digit verification code from the mobile phone, which means that minors can complete registration without even unlocking their parents’ mobile phones, and can be used to contact all users without their real names or any third-party information.

Judging from its official attitude, although the youth model has also been established, most of the contents under the model are subject education courses. Obviously, there is no active and healthy planning and guidance for the healthy socialization of minors’ interests.

Although the state has issued policies to restrict the related behaviors of minors’ games, the surrounding industries of games also need strict supervision. Whether it is live broadcast or accompanying play, enterprises should actively fulfill their responsibilities to protect young people, and should not lower the lower limit in pursuit of market scale.

　　　　Warrior: Wu Peng

　　　　Project:

　　　　Men RS 200 m butterfly

　　　　Appearance:

　　　　11-13 August

　　　　Military exploits:

　　　　Silver medal in 2007 World Championships

　　　　Warrior: Zhang Lin

　　　　Events: Men’s 200m freestyle, 400m freestyle, 1500m freestyle and 4x200m freestyle relay.

　　　　Appearance: August 9-13

　　　　Merit: Men’s 400-meter freestyle ranked seventh in the world this year.

　　　　Warrior: Zhou Yafei

　　　　Events: women’s 100m butterfly and women’s 4x100m medley relay.

　　　　Appearance: August 9-17

　　　　Merit: Women’s 4× 100m medley gold medal in Barcelona Swimming World Championships in 2003.

　　　　Warrior: Qi Hui

　　　　Events: women’s 200m breaststroke and women’s 200m individual medley.

　　　　Appearance: August 13-15

　　　　Merit: Women’s 200m individual medley 2 minutes 12 seconds 61, 11th best result in the world this year.

　　　　Our reporter Li Yuanfei J131

Editor: Huo Junxia

　　Xinhua News Agency, Beijing, February 7th (Reporter Shen Nan, Lu Xingji, Zheng Zhi) At noon on the 7th, 17-year-old China skater Su Yiming made history and won the first Winter Olympics medal for men’s snowboarding in China. Wearing the national flag, standing side by side with two Canadian masters, "Xiaoming" declared that China men’s single board was officially among the top fashion in the world.

　　On February 7th, Max parrot of Canada (middle) who won the championship, Su Yiming of China (left) who won the second place and Mark Lee Mcmorris of Canada who won the third place presented souvenirs. Xinhua News Agency reporter Yang Shizhen photo

　　This is the fruit of China folk veneer for 20 years. At the beginning of the 21st century, this trendy sport, which started in North America, began to have the first group of folk fans in China. Most of them used to be double-board professional athletes or snow friends. They began to grope for learning, playing, building venues, holding competitions and training by relying on foreign video materials that helped each other and were not rich in resources. At the beginning of this circle, it was not big. Almost everyone knew Xiaoming and watched Xiaoming grow up.

　　Su Yiming’s hometown, Jilin City, Jilin Province, is blessed with ice and snow resources. Xiaoming, born in 2004, has been brought to the snow by his parents since he was two or three years old, and has cultivated an excellent sense of snow. Although it didn’t take long for "Brother Ming" to become the "ceiling" in China, he went abroad for training, communication and finding famous teachers, it is undeniable that the rise of folk veneer in China was the soil for Su Yiming’s birth.

　　This is the fruit of the intersection of personal dreams and national dreams. When Beijing won the bid for the Winter Olympics in the summer of 2015, Xiaoming, who was only 11 years old, set his own goal — — After six and a half years of hard training, I stood on the stage of the Winter Olympics on behalf of China. He clearly knows that this is the best time for him, and it may be a once-in-a-lifetime opportunity to represent the country at home to win the highest honor.

　　On February 7th, China’s Su Yiming was in the competition. Xinhua News Agency reporter Xu Changshe

　　This is a valuable youth ambition and courage — — Give up acting career, but also face the risk and pain of challenging the limit. When the national cross-border cross-country training team called, he joined without hesitation. The team also gave the boy a relaxed environment and strong guarantee after fully understanding him, which opened up a training mode different from the traditional training system for him. This allows him to devote himself to the preparations and the points competition of the Winter Olympics according to his own rhythm and ideas.

　　This way is also more conducive to him to maintain his unique sports style and temperament, a kind of freedom and freedom as the "soul" of veneer. This also makes it easier for him to be accepted and recognized by the international veneer circle. In fact, after years of training abroad, the growth track similar to that of international players and fluent English, Su Yiming can be well integrated into the international circle.

　　This will be the beginning of a new era of snowboarding in China. In recent years, snowboarding has been "blowout" among the people, and the proportion of snowboarders in major ski resorts has soared. Among the emerging skiers in the south, snowboarding accounts for an overwhelming proportion. Especially among children, veneer is because of one word — — "Cool" is popular. I believe among these children, there will be future champions.

　　Su Yiming’s blockbuster today is an exclamation point and a comma. His soaring will plant dreams and ignite hope in the hearts of more single-board "dolls" and teenagers.

　　From July 19th, every Friday to Sunday, the operation hours of Beijing Metro Line 1 and Line 2 are extended, and the last bus departure time of each station along the line is after zero. It can be seen that the subway works hard for our nightlife.

　　夏末的一个夜晚，正阳门外，中轴线西，大栅栏北，首届“北京书店之夜”主会场所在地北京坊，将城市夜生活延展至书店，同时，遍布全市的25家书店分会场也点燃星星之火。这一夜，北京夜生活的口号是“约饭，不如约书店”。

　　北京人民广播电台带来诵读节目《遇见一家书店》，绘本作家熊亮讲演《如何打造中国孩子的童话世界》，素描戏剧《白日梦太奇》和黑胶音乐声光舞蹈秀，则营造出了夜间游园的氛围……

　　听说“北京书店之夜”的消息，初一女孩美怡拉上阿姨和阿姨家的弟弟一同前来，跟随“打卡地图”的路线走走看看，已经打卡了3个点。美怡说，如果能延续下去，她还想参加。马啸带着女儿专门赶来，他是一名教师，觉得孩子更应该参加“书店之夜”，“读书能直达心灵”。

　　北京最富有特色的45家书店，聚集于北京坊三富街，形成一条“北京书店大街”。走完这条街，书迷们在一面巨大的立体许愿墙上留下了满壁心愿——“我想带着《瓦尔登湖》去趟瓦尔登湖”“希望能找到爱读书的另一半”“希望能读完一本大部头经典”“全世界的最美书店等等我”……

　　Everything is fine, but this excitement is like a "flash" featuring a bookstore. After this night, can the bookstore be added to the nightlife options? Can "one night" become "every night"?

　　In fact, it is nothing new to spend the night in a bookstore. There have been 24-hour bookstores in various places before. According to Liu Jingjing, deputy dean of the School of Cultural Industry Management of China Communication University, this series of activities with the overall planning and support of government resources is a good demonstration and guidance, but the sustainable development of bookstore nightlife depends on the enthusiasm and demands of bookstores themselves.

　　Most directly, the development of bookstore nightlife is closely related to bookstore operating costs. Liu Jingjing said: "The cost of personnel and security required for night operation will increase significantly compared with that during the day. Whether the bookstore can get enough returns by extending its business hours is the key to restricting the sustainable development of the bookstore nightlife."

　　Liu Jingjing believes that there are two ways to develop bookstore nightlife at present: one is to expand the bookstore into a public cultural space with multiple functions, providing a carrier for various cultural activities, such as movie viewing, reading, reading, drama, music, and even night training; The second is to carry life related to books in various spaces, such as reading activities in restaurants, shopping malls and cinemas.

　　Liu Jingjing felt "anxious" at first to live the bookstore nightlife well. "You can find some brand and iconic bookstores to explore and try first, instead of opening them all at once. Because it depends on whether the bookstore itself can survive, or whether it will have more room for development after the city as a whole forms an atmosphere of night cultural life. "

　　Expanding bookstores into cultural complexes has become more common in first-and second-tier cities. When it gradually sinks into third-and fourth-tier cities, it is expected to produce more new formats, such as combining bookstores with restaurants, creative markets and even car beauty.

　　The latter, in this "flash" activity, is also emerging. In MUJI HOTEL BEIJING (Beijing Branch of Muji Hotel), in-house guests can choose a favorite book from about 8,000 books in the lobby book bar and bring it back to their rooms for free.

　　In the children’s paradise "Little Oasis", Fantasy Country and Yimi Sunshine Children’s Library moved children’s favorite reading scenes to the paradise. Ma Jin, founder of Little Oasis, said: "Let children regard picture books as toys. In our space, it will be arranged in different corners ‘ Reading angle ’ At the same time, a small library will be set up to open all picture books to parents and children for all parents who come to the small oasis to choose and borrow. "

　　Mom+,a family-style restaurant under the brand of "Family Heritage", has set up a trial reading area for Xiong Liang’s classic picture books. Xiong Liang said, "In other scenes, books should have such an opportunity". "Mom+"restaurant will recommend a book every month. The first month of opening is the picture book "A Bowl of Soup for Mom" by Hao Guangcai, a famous children’s book publisher. In that month, Sun Yankun, the co-founder of the family biography, found that all the children in the whole restaurant were reading the same book, but everyone had their own understanding.

　　Sun Yankun said: "Seventy percent of our guests are families with children. When conceiving a restaurant, the first plate to be put in is the reading corner, which is also our discussion about ‘ Dining table and desk ’ An embodiment of the idea. Mom and dad put down their mobile phones when they were waiting for each other, and they were very devoted to reading picture books to children. It was beautiful. "

　　"Promoting night economy is a systematic project, which requires all systems in the city to support night life, including public transportation, public security maintenance and night landscape. Bookstore nightlife does not depend on the development of a single bookstore, but on the formation of the whole cultural consumption habits. " Liu Jingjing said.

　　China Youth Daily China Youth Network reporter Jiang Xiaobin Trainee reporter Li Yi Source: China Youth Daily

　　BEIJING, May 23 (Xinhua) According to the website of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of China, the communiqué of the third ministerial meeting of the China-Arab Cooperation Forum.

　　The foreign ministers of People’s Republic of China (PRC) and the member countries of the League of Arab States (hereinafter referred to as "the two sides") and the Secretary General of the League of Arab States held the third ministerial meeting of the China-Arab Cooperation Forum (hereinafter referred to as "the Forum") in Manama, the capital of the Kingdom of Bahrain, from May 21 to 22, 2008.

　　The two sides spoke highly of the rich achievements made by China and Arab countries in building a new partnership of equality and all-round cooperation in recent years; Reviewing the activities held under the framework of the Forum since the Second Ministerial Conference, I am satisfied with the achievements made in the mechanism construction and important activities such as the Senior Officials Committee, the China-Arab Entrepreneurs Conference, the China-Arab Relations and the China-Arab Civilization Dialogue Seminar, China-Arab Environmental Cooperation, China-Arab Friendship Conference, China-Arab Energy Cooperation Conference and China-Arab News Cooperation Forum. Determined to further enrich the connotation of cooperation and promote the in-depth development of forum construction.

　　It is believed that the world today is undergoing great changes and adjustments, and it is the general trend to seek peace, development and cooperation. With the in-depth development of economic globalization, countries are increasingly interdependent, so all countries should jointly deal with it and seek advantages and avoid disadvantages. Traditional security threats are still outstanding, and non-traditional security threats are on the rise, which urgently requires the international community to strengthen cooperation and jointly deal with them.

　　It is emphasized that strengthening China-Arab dialogue and cooperation and improving the overall level of China-Arab relations under the new situation are in the common interests of the Chinese and Arab people and are also conducive to world peace and development;

　　To this end, the two sides decided to continue to strengthen the new partnership of equality, mutual trust, all-round cooperation, peace-oriented and sustainable development, and reached the following consensus:

　　I. Political field

　　1-Reaffirm the principles of mutual respect for sovereignty and territorial integrity, mutual non-aggression, non-interference in each other’s internal affairs, equality and mutual benefit, and peaceful coexistence. Promote the democratization of international relations and build a harmonious world. Respect all countries to safeguard their territorial integrity and security without violating the purposes and principles of the Charter of the United Nations and other universally recognized norms of international law.

　　2-Strengthen mutual visits and communication between leaders and government officials of the two sides, keep close contact and contact, and enhance friendship and mutual trust.

　　3-Promote exchanges between parliaments and political parties of the two sides, promote exchanges between non-governmental organizations, enhance mutual understanding and deepen traditional friendship.

　　4-Maintain political consultations between the foreign ministries of the two sides and collective consultations within the framework of the forum.

　　5-The Arab countries expressed sympathy and condolences to the Chinese side for the heavy casualties and serious property losses caused by the earthquake in Wenchuan County, Sichuan Province, People’s Republic of China (PRC), and appreciated the efforts of the China government and people in earthquake relief and reconstruction. The government and people of China express their heartfelt thanks and welcome to the sympathy, support and help given by the Arab countries and people. The Arab countries support China in hosting the 29th Olympic Games in 2008 and wish the Games a complete success.

　　6-The Arab countries reiterate that the government of People’s Republic of China (PRC) is the sole legal government representing the whole of China, and Taiwan Province is an inalienable part of the territory of China. They oppose the Taiwan Province authorities’ participation in the United Nations and other international organizations and conferences limited to sovereign countries in any name and form, and support the efforts of the government and people of China to promote the peaceful development of cross-strait relations.

　　7-China supports the Arab countries’ strategic choice to achieve peace and stability in the Middle East in accordance with relevant United Nations resolutions, the principle of land for peace, the Arab Peace Initiative and the road map plan for Middle East peace. China supports the Arab peace initiative as an important principle for comprehensively solving the Middle East issue, and calls on Israel to respond to the Arab countries’ desire for peace, negotiate with relevant Arab countries on the basis of the initiative, and end the occupation of all Arab territories occupied since 1967. Support the establishment of an independent Palestinian state in accordance with the Arab peace initiative and solve the refugee problem in accordance with relevant United Nations resolutions, so as to restore the legitimate rights of the Arab people, and thus achieve a comprehensive, just and lasting peace in the Middle East. Call on the international community to commit itself to lifting the blockade of Palestine, take practical measures to improve the humanitarian situation in Gaza, stop building settlements and all actions that aggravate tensions, and create favorable conditions for the Middle East peace process to move forward.

　　8-Emphasize support for Syria to recover the occupied Golan Heights in accordance with relevant UN resolutions, on the basis of the results of the Madrid Peace Conference in 1991 and the Arab Peace Initiative in 2002, and on the basis of the principles of the peace process.

　　9-Emphasize full solidarity with Lebanon and provide it with political and economic support. In the State of Qatar Emir Hamad? Ben? Khalifa? His Highness Al Thani, Prime Minister and Foreign Minister Hamad? Ben? Jasim? Ben? Jabbar? His Highness Al Thani, Secretary General of the Arab League Amr? Thanks to the efforts of Your Excellency Moussa and the members of the Arab Ministerial Committee, the Doha Lebanese National Dialogue Conference reached a consensus solution on the basis of the Arab initiative to solve the political crisis in Lebanon, and both sides warmly congratulated them.

　　10-Emphasize that Iraq’s independence, sovereignty and territorial integrity should be fully respected, not interfering in its internal affairs, respecting the Iraqi people’s independent determination of their future, and condemning all forms of terrorist acts against the Iraqi people and their institutions. Support the Iraqi government’s efforts aimed at stabilizing the security situation and promoting the process of national reconciliation, so as to achieve national reconciliation and encourage cooperation for the reconstruction of Iraq. We welcome the role of the Arab League, the expansion of international cooperation through meetings of foreign ministers of neighboring countries in Iraq, and the search for the necessary mechanism to solve Iraq’s current problems. We hope that Iraq and its neighbors can solve their mutual concerns.

　　11-Emphasize support for all peaceful efforts, including the initiative and efforts of the United Arab Emirates, aimed at peacefully resolving the issue of the three islands (Greater Tunb, Lesser Tunb and Abu Musa) through peaceful negotiations and in accordance with the norms of international law.

　　12-Emphasize support for Sudan’s national unity, national unity and territorial integrity. Support the Sudanese government of national unity to implement the Comprehensive Peace Agreement and push forward the North-South peace process. Welcoming the signing of the Agreement on the Status of Mixed Forces on 9 February 2008 and the efforts made by the Government of Sudan to make the hybrid operation a success. It emphasizes that the hybrid operation should be deployed in Darfur in accordance with UN Security Council Resolution 1769, supports the tripartite consultation mechanism between Sudan, the African Union and the United Nations to continue to play the role of the main channel, advocates the balanced promotion of peacekeeping operations and the political process in Darfur, calls on the opposition and the Sudanese government to step up negotiations, reach a comprehensive peace agreement in Darfur at an early date, and supports the Arab League to continue to play an important role in this issue. Condemn the attack launched by the Justice and Equality Movement in Omdurman.

　　13-Emphasize that continuing to promote the peace process in Somalia is of great significance to regional security and stability, respect the unity and national sovereignty of Somalia, and support Somalia to achieve national reconciliation and domestic peace as soon as possible.

　　14-Support each other to safeguard national sovereignty, independence and national dignity, respect and support the independent choice of development path according to national conditions, and exchange ruling experience and development experience with each other.

　　15-Emphasize that both sides attach importance to strengthening friendly relations between the National People’s Congress of China and Arab parliaments, consultative conferences and Arab transitional parliaments on the basis of the purposes and principles of the forum.

　　16-Conduct political consultations, close coordination and cooperation on major regional and international issues of common concern within the framework of the Forum.

　　17-Advocate dialogue and consultation, and encourage hot issues and differences to be handled through political and peaceful means.

　　18-Support the maintenance of the international nuclear non-proliferation system and advocate the peaceful settlement of the nuclear issue in the Middle East through diplomatic negotiations, so as to maintain regional peace and stability. Support the establishment of a nuclear-weapon-free zone in the Middle East and the active efforts made by Arab countries on the basis of consultation to achieve this goal as soon as possible. The right of all countries to peaceful use of nuclear energy in accordance with the Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons should be respected and maintained, and the possession and development of military nuclear capabilities in violation of the provisions of the Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons should be opposed.

　　19-Condemn all forms of terrorism and oppose linking terrorism with specific ethnic groups and religions. It is believed that counter-terrorism must be based on the Charter of the United Nations and other universally recognized norms of international law, adhere to the leading and coordinating role of the United Nations and its Security Council, and oppose double standards. King Abdullah of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, a servant who supports the two holy places? Ben? Abdalasis? Al Saud’s proposal to establish an international counter-terrorism center at the 2005 Riyadh World Counter-Terrorism Conference. Welcome and support President Zine El-Zine El-Assad of the Republic of Tunisia? Abidine? Ben? Ali proposed that the United Nations should hold an international conference to formulate anti-terrorism action guidelines that all parties should abide by and promote dialogue among different faiths, cultures and civilizations. We will continue to strengthen anti-terrorism cooperation in bilateral areas and under multilateral frameworks such as the United Nations. In this regard, the two sides support the international conference organized by the United Nations and attended by international organizations such as the Organization of the Islamic Conference to discuss the definition, prevention and fight against terrorism, and call on all parties to complete the negotiation of a comprehensive anti-terrorism convention as soon as possible.

　　They agreed to strengthen dialogue and cooperation within the framework of the United Nations and other international organizations, promote multilateralism, and safeguard the authority of the United Nations and its leading role in international affairs. Support the United Nations to carry out necessary and reasonable reforms, improve efficiency, fulfill the mission entrusted by the Charter of the United Nations, and increase its ability to effectively respond to new threats and challenges. Support the Security Council to play a major role in maintaining world peace and security. The reform of the Security Council should give priority to increasing the representation of developing countries, and members should reach consensus on the reform of the Security Council on the basis of extensive discussion and democratic consultation.

　　21-It advocates reaching understanding and resolving differences between countries through dialogue and diplomatic means, so as to solve the problems that hinder the improvement of relations between countries. Oppose laws that override the norms of international law and aim at harming the sovereignty and interests of other countries.

　　Second, promote development

　　22-The two sides actively promote trade facilitation, continue to expand the scale of trade, improve the trade structure, standardize the trade order, raise the level of trade, and strive to achieve comprehensive, orderly and balanced development of bilateral trade.

　　23-Expand two-way investment, promote enterprises of both sides to strengthen investment cooperation in a wider field, and encourage technology transfer.

　　24-Strengthen cooperation in infrastructure construction, complement each other’s advantages in capital, technology and engineering, and explore projects to implement infrastructure construction, improve people’s livelihood and enhance the ability of independent development.

　　25-Promote cooperation in the financial field, encourage financial institutions of both sides to strengthen cooperation, jointly provide financial support and convenience for investment, project contracting and trade of both sides, and encourage both sides to carry out mutually beneficial cooperation in the banking field under the conditions of complying with relevant laws and regulations of various countries.

　　26-Strengthen cooperation between the two sides in the field of human resources development, learn from each other and learn from each other.

　　27-The two sides coordinate and cooperate in international economic and trade fields and institutions, and work together to establish an open, fair and standardized multilateral international trading system and safeguard the common interests of developing countries.

　　28-Accelerate the negotiation process between China and the Cooperation Council for the Arab States of the Gulf, and strive to reach an agreement as soon as possible.

　　29-Support mutual investment projects in oil and gas industries on the basis of mutual benefit, and strengthen and expand existing cooperation, especially in the exploration, exploitation, transportation and refining of oil and gas; Exchange of experience and technology transfer in the fields of energy and environmental protection of energy-related projects through mutual visits, holding joint seminars and advanced courses, and participating in relevant activities organized by the other side.

　　30-Strengthen cooperation and dialogue in the fields of environmental protection and desertification control, maintain close consultation and cooperation on international environmental affairs, and promote mutually beneficial cooperation between the two sides in the fields of environmental protection and sustainable development.

　　Carry out scientific and technological cooperation and exchanges through close contacts, and carry out joint research and technology transfer in seawater desalination, environmental protection technology, high-efficiency agricultural technology, clean energy, new energy and renewable energy technology.

　　32-The two sides recognize that mankind is facing severe challenges in the issues of environment and sustainable development, and are willing to strengthen cooperation with the international community to meet the challenges in an open and pragmatic manner; Support the United Nations to play an important role in promoting global sustainable development and make positive contributions to promoting global environmental protection and sustainable development.

　　33-Both sides attach great importance to climate change and are willing to make joint efforts with the international community to make positive contributions to climate change. The two sides stressed that any international arrangement to deal with climate change should be based on the principles and provisions of the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change, especially the principle of "common but differentiated responsibilities". The two sides are willing to strengthen cooperation in tackling climate change, including technical exchanges, improving energy efficiency and developing new and renewable energy sources.

　　Third, people-to-people exchanges and dialogue among civilizations should be carried out.

　　34-Encourage cooperation between research institutions, universities and educational institutions of both sides in the fields of education, scientific research and academic exchanges, including teaching Chinese and Arabic.

　　35-Encourage and support Chinese and Arab cultural institutions to carry out official and non-governmental exchange programs, use information and communication technology to protect cultural heritage, sort out and publish cultural works, and attach importance to learning from each other in culture to achieve common development.

　　36-Establish an art festival mechanism held by both parties in turn on a regular basis.

　　37-Encourage the opening of Arab cultural centers in China and China cultural centers in Arab countries, and provide mutual convenience.

　　38-Create conditions to encourage tourism cooperation between China and China, and actively consider listing Arab countries as outbound tourist destinations for citizens.

　　39-Strengthen exchanges and dialogues among different civilizations, promote mutual understanding and interaction among people of all countries, respect the cultural characteristics of people of all countries, and be inclusive and exchange and learn from each other in the spirit of equality, mutual respect and tolerance.

　　40-Emphasize that the two sides attach importance to participating in regional and international initiatives aimed at strengthening cooperation among different civilizations, cultures and religions to deal with all forms of mutual exclusion and incitement to violence, and should not use freedom of speech as an excuse to vilify and vilify religions, beliefs, religious shrines and figures of people of all countries.

　　Fourth, enhance the friendly and cooperative relations between Chinese and Arab news organizations.

　　41-Close cooperation in the fields of news and publication between the two sides, and enhance mutual understanding and friendship between the Chinese and Arab peoples through various mass media (television, newspapers and radio).

　　V. Building the China-Arab Cooperation Forum

　　42-Strengthen coordination and cooperation, jointly implement the principles and objectives set in the forum communiqué and the action implementation plan, and create more common development benefits for the people of both sides.

　　43-Persist in innovation, constantly enrich China-Arab cooperation, improve the forum mechanism, and explore a forum construction model that conforms to the reality of both sides and the characteristics of China-Arab bilateral relations.

　　44-Support the Forum to establish horizontal ties with other regional or multilateral cooperation mechanisms in which both sides participate, and broaden the space for common cooperation.

　　45-Express gratitude and appreciation to the Kingdom of Bahrain for hosting the third ministerial meeting of the China-Arab Cooperation Forum, and welcome the holding of the fourth ministerial meeting of the Forum in China in 2010 and the next Senior Officials Meeting of the Forum in China in 2009.

　　This communiqué was signed in Manama on May 20th, 2008 in duplicate, each in Chinese and Arabic, both texts being equally authentic.

　　

　　

People’s Republic of China (PRC)

League of Arab States

Daibiao

Daibiao

Yang Jiechi (signature)

Amourous? Moussa (signature)

Foreign Minister of People’s Republic of China (PRC)

Secretary-General of the League of Arab States

Editor: Sun Jie