Our wallets will eventually shrink more and more, regardless of whether the salary rises or not. Today, when roadside stalls are all paid by scanning code, fewer and fewer people will go out with a lot of cash.

The trend of cashless society is spreading all over the world. Recently, consulting firm Capgemini and BNP Paribas jointly released the World Payments Report 2018, which counts the cashless transactions in many countries around the world.

According to the report, in the reporting period (2016), the country with the largest number of cashless transactions was the United States, ranking first with 148.5 billion transactions, the euro zone ranked second with 74.5 billion transactions, and China, with the most developed mobile payment, ranked third with 48 billion transactions.

Although the number of cashless transactions in China is less than one third of that in the United States, the growth rate of the share of cashless transactions ranks second in the world. The report predicts that by 2021, the total amount of cashless payment transactions in China will surpass that in the United States and become the first in the world.

In terms of per capita times, Sweden has become the country with the largest number of per capita non-cash payments with 461.5 per capita electronic transactions. Sweden was the first country to print paper money, but it may also be the first country to eliminate cash. There is another interesting true story about the cashless society in Sweden:

A man broke into a bank. "robbery! I want cash! The bank clerk gave him a cold look, pointed to a sign on the wall saying "no cash place" and told him that the bank had no cash and his demands could not be met. The robber was puzzled. Before leaving, he asked the staff, "Where else can I go? 」

The report pointed out that the rapid growth of cashless payment in China benefited from the large popularity of mobile payment. A report by Better Than Cash Alliance, a subsidiary of the United Nations, pointed out that the market size of social network payment (Alipay and WeChat) in China reached 2.9 trillion US dollars in 2016, which increased 20 times in the past four years. At present, Alipay and WeChat payment have occupied more than 90% of the mobile payment market in China.

In recent years, people in China have also strongly felt the convenience brought by mobile payment. From eating, shopping, watching movies, buying food in the vegetable market to taking the bus and subway, you can basically use mobile payment to solve all the consumption scenarios you can think of.

Capgemini predicts that the global digital transaction volume will increase from $598 billion to $876 billion between 2018 and 2021. In Asia, led by China, digital payment will lead the world with a compound growth rate of 29% in the next four years, while the growth rates in North America and Europe are much slower, both less than 10%.

In fact, in terms of the scale of mobile payment, China is already the first in the world. According to the data of Forrester Research, in 2016, the mobile payment market in China reached 9 trillion US dollars, the mobile payment market in the United States reached 112 billion US dollars, and the mobile payment market in China was nearly 90 times that in the United States. In 2017, the scale of mobile payment transactions in China has exceeded 200 trillion yuan, ranking first in the world.

But why in Capgemini’s report, the United States is the largest country without cash payment. This is related to the statistical method of the report. In addition to mobile payment, the "no cash" in the report also includes cheque, debit card, credit card payment, credit transfer and direct debit transactions.

It is not difficult to explain why the United States, where mobile payment is underdeveloped, still has the largest cashless transaction volume in the world. The United States has a mature credit card system, and credit cards have become the most mainstream payment method for the American people, with 40% of the total global credit cards coming from the United States.

However, the high maturity of the credit card system has greatly inhibited the development of mobile payment in the United States. A large number of concessions are tied to credit cards, and the American people have no incentive to loosen their credit cards at all.

The development of mobile payment in China far exceeds that in Europe and America. A deeper reason is that China consumers have not formed the habit of credit card consumption, and it is easier to accept mobile payment. According to a report by Goldman Sachs, China people have an average of 3.6 debit cards, but only one third of them have credit cards, which forms two extremes with the United States.

In addition, Apple CEO Tim Cook also talked about China Mobile Payment in an exclusive interview with Ai Faner some time ago. He put forward a novel point of view:

China has not experienced the so-called desktop Internet stage, but embraced the mobile Internet directly, so consumers in China do not have the burdens of the desktop Internet era in their minds, which explains to some extent why the mobile payment share in China is so high.

If the lack of credit card consumption habits is the core reason for the rapid development of mobile payment in China, then the popularity of smart phones and 4G networks has cleared the last obstacle and reconstructed the whole offline consumption scene with the help of QR codes.

A colleague of Ai Faner once encountered a strange thing when she was shopping. When she took out a hundred-dollar bill to pay the bill, the cashier froze for a few seconds because no one had paid in cash for too long.

When was the last time you spent money in cash?

The title map comes from:

Our reporter Liu Jinmeng photo

　　editorial comment/note

　　Since the emergence of "professional counterfeiters", this group has been controversial. It is undeniable that "professional counterfeiters" have played a positive role in promoting market purification and establishing consumers’ awareness of rights protection. However, when some of them are no longer aiming at solving consumer disputes, but demanding high compensation, or even falsifying evidence to extort money from businesses and using malicious complaints to report for their own profit, "counterfeiting" has changed its flavor.

　　"Counterfeiting" has become a "fake fight", which obviously deviates from the original intention of legislation and the original intention of protecting consumers. On the contrary, the real problem of consumer rights protection cannot be solved. In just three months, it involved cracking down on "malicious reporting of illegal profit-making behavior" and "taking ‘ Counterfeiting ’ The central document of the name of extortion was issued twice. At the legislative level, all localities have also strengthened the revision of relevant legal provisions and resolutely said no to extortion under the banner of "safeguarding rights."

　　Li Hua (pseudonym), the owner of a silk scarf dealer in Changchun, wanted to compromise and spend money when he was asked for compensation by a "professional counterfeiter" with a silk scarf material appraisal report. However, not long ago, he approached the Changchun Consumers Association for consultation, only to realize that he could first compare the report issued by the claimant with the quality inspection report of the goods themselves.

　　It was discovered by this comparison that the silk scarves inspected by the claimant were simply "crowned with pride" and the goods were completely different. Li Hua immediately reported the case and lamented that he "successfully escaped a robbery."

　　Recently, a survey by the Workers Daily reporter found that some people are actually making "professional claims" for illegal profits in the name of "professional counterfeiting". Its purpose is not to crack down on counterfeiting and protect consumer rights, but to demand high compensation, create a large number of malicious reports, and repeatedly extort money from businesses.

　　Change the bag, blackmail and pester the lawsuit, and "fake" becomes "fake"

　　Zhong Ping, secretary-general of Changchun Consumers Association, still remembers that more than ten years ago, a gentle and articulate complainant came to Changchun Consumers Association, reflecting that the food he bought in a supermarket violated the regulations and was labeled as health care function, and wanted to claim compensation.

　　After exchanging professional knowledge with him, the complainant said, "I have traveled a lot in Northeast China, as far as you know", and Zhong Ping realized that she had met a "professional counterfeiter". At that time, Zhong Ping was deeply impressed by this gentle and professional complainant with reasonable demands.

　　"At that time, I quite agree with the emergence of these people. Because they are very professional, their behavior can play a positive role in purifying the market, and the other is to urge our relevant staff to improve their business ability and quality. " Zhong Ping said.

　　"On our complaint platform, many people directly say that they are professional counterfeiters, and the scope of complaints is getting wider and wider." Zhong Ping said, "At first, most of them were aimed at food. Later, communication services, clothes, furniture and other commodities became the targets of counterfeiting, and many of them claimed for details such as product descriptions and advertising words."

　　After handling many cases, Zhong Ping gradually discovered that many "professional counterfeiters" have turned "counterfeiting" into fraud.

　　"Some people report maliciously, not for the purpose of purifying the market, but for asking merchants to take money privately, implement threats, false evaluations or even blackmail, falsify evidence and make illegal profits." Zhong Ping told reporters that she had been complained to the higher authorities by a very strong "professional counterfeiter". Once such cases were not handled as expected, they would repeatedly complain and importune.

　　The shopkeeper engaged in cross-border e-commerce in Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province was threatened to report by a mother and son from Shanghai on the grounds of defective product labels, and had to "pay tribute" to 600 yuan’s goods every month for two consecutive years, until they were sentenced for extortion; A Taobao shop owner was targeted by "professional counterfeiters" for using exaggerated slogans and had to pay 2,000 yuan for recognition; The QQ group claiming for counterfeiting claims that it only needs 30 yuan to "learn from the teacher" to obtain the "claim tips" … …

　　According to the recent symposium on professional claim behavior, which was jointly attended by the market supervision department, China Consumers Association and enterprise representatives, in recent years, the number of malicious complaints and reports of "professional claim" initiated in the name of "counterfeiting" and "safeguarding rights" has exceeded 1 million every year.

　　In the court’s judgment, professional counterfeiters win or lose differently.

　　The reporter used "professional counterfeiting" as the key word in China’s refereeing documents online, and retrieved 1,382 refereeing documents this year, which was significantly lower than 3,348 last year. In many documents with a relatively recent date, the counterfeiters won or lost in court judgments, and most of them were sentenced to return the goods because of the real problems of the goods, and the multiple compensation claims were not supported.

　　In July 2018, the post-90s "professional counterfeiter" Han bought 12 bottles of imported brand red wine in a wholesale supermarket in Qingdao twice, paid 20,160 yuan for the wine, and filmed the whole purchase process. Subsequently, Han sued the supermarket to the court of the jurisdiction on the grounds that the imported red wine labels sold by the supermarket did not meet the national standards, requesting an order to return the purchase price and paying 10 times compensation of 201,600 yuan.

　　During the trial, the four effective judgments submitted by the defendant supermarket showed that Han had sued several different defendants at the same time in the Xiangzhou District People’s Court of Zhuhai City, Guangdong Province, and all of them demanded the defendants to refund the purchase price and pay 10 times the compensation on the grounds that the purchased products did not have Chinese labels. At the same time, the forms of evidence submitted by Han in several cases are basically the same. According to statistics, there are more than 50 cases in this batch, involving more than 4 million yuan.

　　The court of first instance ruled that the supermarket returned the payment of 20,160 yuan to Han, but did not support his claim of 10 times. Han refused to accept it and appealed to the Qingdao Intermediate People’s Court. The final judgment of Qingdao Intermediate People’s Court was changed: the supermarket returned the payment of 20,160 yuan to Han, and paid him compensation of 201,600 yuan, and Han returned the red wine.

　　"Professional counterfeiters" are not so lucky.

　　Xingmou has successively purchased 75 electric vehicles with a certain brand exceeding the standard, and commissioned the research institute to conduct testing. The results show that many items of electric vehicles are unqualified. Since 2017, Xing has gone through 17 court sessions, rulings and judgments, sued the court for a return and was punished with "one loses three". The Court of Final Appeal held that Xing, as a professional counterfeiter, did not buy or use goods or receive services for his daily needs, and was not a consumer as stipulated by law, so he did not support his claim of triple compensation.

　　Defining the red line is the key between legality and illegality.

　　"It’s a cold winter in the spring … … I suggest that all colleagues who fight counterfeiting must follow the principles of legitimacy, necessity, rationality and legality. " In April this year, "anti-counterfeiting fighter" Wang Hai said at the fifth "315 Anti-counterfeiting Forum" held in Beijing.

　　Wang Yuqi, a lawyer of Guangdong Guanghe (Changchun) Law Firm, told the reporter that from the actual case, there is only a thin line between the legality and illegality of professional counterfeiting, and the attitude of judicial practice is becoming more and more cautious.

　　The reporter of Workers Daily found that in recent days, many courts have issued judgments against "professional claimants" under the banner of "defending rights" and "counterfeiting", which are actually extortion.

　　For example, a 90-year-old man in Longyan, Fujian used the absolute term "extreme words" defined by the advertising law to make malicious complaints and extortion against online shop sellers, and was sentenced to 1 year and 8 months in prison by the court and fined 15,000 yuan; Shanghai Changning District Court sentenced Wang, a "professional claimant", to three years and three months in prison and fined him … … According to media reports, not long ago, four provinces and cities, including Henan and Xiamen, listed "professional counterfeiting" for extortion and illegal profits as "eliminating evils".

　　"The urgent task is to explore effective methods on the basis of summarizing the characteristics and problems of professional claims, and clearly define the red line between legal claims for professional counterfeiting and extortion. Reasonable and legal professional counterfeiting should be supported, but extortion must be punished. " Wang Yuqi said.

　　"Judging from the complaints this year, professional anti-counterfeiting behavior has been significantly reduced." Zhong Ping suggested that while opposing and severely punishing illegal counterfeiting, relevant departments should also formulate attractive reward mechanisms for legitimate "professional counterfeiters", guide them to exercise their anti-counterfeiting rights in the right way, play their positive role, and unblock the combination. Only in this way can the root cause be cured.

　　Some netizens also said that professional anti-counterfeiting was born to meet the market demand, and it was the market that finally exercised the right of elimination. Enterprises don’t sell fakes, product quality passes, and business integrity, counterfeiters will gradually disappear.

　　In the name of "counterfeiting", the act of making profits through malicious complaints will be restricted from next month. On January 1, 2020, the Interim Measures for Handling Complaints and Reports of Market Supervision and Management (hereinafter referred to as the Interim Measures) newly issued by the State Administration of Market Supervision will be officially implemented, which clearly stipulates that the complaints initiated by "not buying or using goods or receiving services for the needs of daily consumption, or not proving that there is a dispute between consumers and the respondent" will not be accepted by the market supervision and management department.

　　Professional claimant

　　Extortion in the name of counterfeiting

　　In recent years, a considerable number of professional claimants have appeared. They take advantage of the loopholes in the shelf life of goods and the description of advertising language, deliberately buy in large quantities, demand compensation from merchants, and even become professional claimants. These professional counterfeiters are usually parasitic on major e-commerce platforms, extorting money from merchants in the name of counterfeiting, using punitive damages for their own profit or taking the opportunity to extort money from merchants, and some behaviors seriously violate the principle of good faith, ignore judicial authority and waste judicial resources.

　　According to a survey conducted by the Shanghai Industrial and Commercial Department in 2016, among the occupational claims received by the 12315 Center in the first half of that year, only 20 cases really constituted consumer fraud after investigation, and the remaining 99.83% of the enterprises claimed had no substantial consumer fraud.

　　"Legal Daily" once reported that some counterfeiters used cotton cloth dipped in special medicine to erase the production date of goods, or used needles to stick holes in bread to claim compensation from merchants.

　　"Professional Chihuo"

　　If you receive a refund, you will be sued by Taobao.

　　The so-called "professional foodie" (only refund and no return) is a nickname for a professional claimant who has changed his technique on the Internet. Zhou, a Taobao buyer, registered a Taobao account with his identity information last year and began to place orders crazily, with 633 transactions a month.

　　Among them, from June 7 to June 16, 2018, 289 orders were placed, 281 refunds were applied for that month, 277 refunds were successful, and the actual refund amount was 3,854.54 yuan; During the period from July 1 to July 5, 2018, 344 orders were placed, 343 refunds were applied for that month, 335 refunds were successful, and the actual refund amount was 18,842.53 yuan. In the past month or so, Zhou has placed a total of 633 orders, only 624 applications were refunded, and 612 refunds were successful, amounting to more than 32,000 yuan. After receiving the goods, Zhou applied for 624 refunds but refused to return them.

　　On December 19, 2018, Taobao sued Zhou to Hangzhou Internet Court, demanding that the court order the defendant to compensate Taobao for its economic losses and reasonable expenses (legal fees) of 10,000 yuan.

　　Taobao believes that Zhou’s malicious refund behavior is an abuse of membership rights and a serious violation of the service agreement, which has caused a serious negative impact on Taobao’s economy and goodwill and should compensate for the losses.

　　After trial, Hangzhou Internet Court held that the application for refund only initiated by defendant Zhou obviously did not conform to ordinary people’s shopping habits, and the reasons for refund were repetitive and single. His behavior was an abuse of the rights of Taobao platform members, which damaged the reputation of Taobao sellers who operated honestly and legally, interfered with the normal operation order of Taobao, and made Taobao spend more material resources to deal with the defendant’s false complaints, causing actual losses to Taobao, and directly destroyed the integrity and fairness that Taobao and the whole society jointly advocated and devoted to building and maintaining. The court ruled that the defendant Zhou compensated Taobao for its economic loss of 1 yuan and reasonable expenses (legal fees) of 10,000 yuan. It is understood that this case is the first judgment made by the court in a series of cases in which Taobao sued for malicious refund.

　　Form an industrial chain

　　Showing a trend of gang specialization

　　The routine of malicious claims is getting deeper and deeper, even showing the trend of gang, specialization, scale and stylization, which is embodied in mentoring, training and output, focusing on packaging and publicity defects.

　　Professional claims consume four to five times as much resources as normal complaints, and public resources are squandered by a few gangs, which makes it impossible to deal with problems that really affect consumers and market order.

　　Official website, a law firm, shows that there are dozens of cases in which professional counterfeiters claim compensation. The Beijing Youth Daily reporter saw that Xiaomei, the owner of the online shop, said that a product sold in her shop was sold in bulk because of its large packaging, and it was caught by the professional counterfeiter "buyer" without QS label. The other party said, "Claim 10 times, and only refund is not returned". The store estimated that this single order of dried fruits with a price of more than 100 yuan, in addition to the loss of principal, had to pay compensation to 1000 yuan, which caused heavy losses. According to Xiaomei, there are more than 30 complaints from stores similar to her.

　　Text/reporter Yan Lishuang

　　Unlike professional counterfeiting,

　　The "malicious claims industry observation report" pointed out that, unlike professional counterfeiting, "professional claims" are often extorted in the name of counterfeiting. The general path is "one buy, two talk, three report, four review and five lawsuit".

　　Number of malicious complaints

　　In September this year, the symposium on professional claims held by China Market Supervision Newspaper revealed that in recent years, the number of malicious complaints and reports of "professional claims" initiated in the name of "counterfeiting" and "safeguarding rights" exceeded 1 million each year.

　　Governance means

　　Many parties have called for curbing the frequent occurrence of vicious claims management documents.

　　With the social harmfulness of occupational claims becoming increasingly prominent, the voice of curbing occupational claims is getting higher and higher. At the recent 2019 Internet Law Conference, the "Malicious Claims Industry Observation Report" was released. According to the Report, professional claims have affected businesses, platforms, regulatory authorities, judicial departments and other parties, undermined the market business environment, and encroached on the judicial law enforcement resources for consumers’ legitimate rights protection.

　　According to public information, nearly 40 NPC deputies have put forward suggestions to standardize occupational claims. For example, Chu Xiaoqin, a deputy to the National People’s Congress, put forward at the two sessions of the National People’s Congress in 2018 that the motive of "professional claims" is not to purify the market, but to use punitive damages to make profits for themselves or take the opportunity to extort money from merchants. Some behaviors seriously violate the principle of good faith, ignore judicial authority and waste judicial resources. Therefore, she suggested gradually curbing the profit-making counterfeiting of professional claims.

　　Since the beginning of this year, the central government’s governance documents on occupational claims have also been issued frequently. On May 20th, the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China and the State Council issued the Opinions on Deepening Reform and Strengthening Food Safety, stating that "malicious reporting of illegal profits should be severely cracked down according to law".

　　On August 8th, the General Office of the State Council issued the Guiding Opinions on Promoting the Healthy Development of Platform Economy, demanding to effectively protect the legitimate rights and interests of participants in the platform economy and crack down on extortion in the name of "counterfeiting".

　　"Standardizing profitability according to law ‘ Counterfeiting ’ And claims. " On September 6th, the State Council issued the Guiding Opinions on Strengthening and Standardizing Post-event Supervision, which also made this clear.

　　In its reply to Li Changqing, a representative of the National People’s Congress, at the end of August this year, the General Administration of Market Supervision made it clear that occupational claims have deviated from the legislative intent of the civil punitive damages system stipulated by laws such as the Consumer Protection Law, and will cooperate with the Ministry of Justice to issue the Regulations on the Implementation of the Consumer Protection Law as soon as possible, so as to specify in detail that defects such as advertising, labeling and instructions that do not affect the quality of goods or services and will not mislead consumers are not fraudulent acts.

　　Xinhua News Agency, Washington, April 8 (Reporter Xu Jianmei, Deng Xianlai) On the 8th, US President Biden announced a series of administrative measures to strengthen gun control and reduce gun violence.

　　Biden made a speech in the White House Rose Garden that day, saying that gun violence in the United States is taking lives every day and leaving lasting scars on the community. "Gun violence is an epidemic in the United States and embarrasses the United States internationally."

　　These administrative measures include: the Ministry of Justice issued a proposed regulation to stop the proliferation of "ghost guns" within 30 days; Issue separate regulations on strengthening the control of pistol "stable bracket" within 60 days; Publish the "Red Flag" icon warning sample regulations that are convenient for States to refer to within 60 days; The Ministry of Justice will release the first report on gun smuggling in the United States in 21 years; Federal agencies will increase funding for community projects to reduce gun violence in cities by non-custodial means.

　　"Ghost gun" is a gun that is self-processed and assembled by purchasing parts, and there is no traceable commercial serial number; The "stable bracket" can turn the pistol into a more lethal and accurate rifle, and it is not subject to the legal constraints of supervising rifles; The "Red Flag" law allows local courts to prevent people who are suicidal or may pose a danger to others from obtaining guns for a period of time at the request of relatives and friends of the parties concerned or local law enforcement departments.

　　Biden said that he hopes to treat the parts of the "ghost gun" as guns in accordance with the gun management law, and that merchants will be equipped with serial numbers when selling parts and conduct background checks on buyers. He said that in some states that have enacted "Red Flag" laws, the number of people who commit suicide with guns has decreased.

　　Biden also nominated David chipman as the director of the Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms and Explosives of the United States. chipman, who advocated gun control, has worked in the Bureau for 25 years.

　　According to American media reports, in 2020, nearly 20,000 people in the United States died of gun violence, and another 24,000 people committed suicide with guns. Gunmen have become worse this year, and major shootings have occurred in Georgia, Colorado and California recently.

　　On March 11th, the House of Representatives controlled by the Democratic Party of the United States passed two bills to strengthen the background investigation of gun purchase, but they were blocked in the Senate. Analysts believe that due to the long-term sharp opposition between American society and the democratic and Republican parties on the issue of gun control, it is uncertain whether the new gun control measures introduced by the Biden administration can be effectively implemented.

On November 11th, the 2020 "Golden Panda" International Communication Summit Forum was held in Chengdu under the guidance of the State Administration of Radio and Television and the Central Radio and Television General Station, and sponsored by the China Television Artists Association, the Propaganda Department of the Sichuan Provincial Committee of the Communist Party of China, the Sichuan Radio and Television Bureau and Sichuan Radio and Television Station.

With the theme of "China Story International Communication", this forum will set up a main forum and four sub-forums on documentary, TV series, movies and new media. The heads of relevant industry authorities, industry professionals and academic experts will jointly conduct in-depth exchanges and discussions on topics such as work creation, international cooperation and overseas expansion, with a special focus on the overseas communication of China film and television, and deeply explore how to tell the story of China in international expression and with a global perspective under the background of media integration and development.

This year’s "Golden Panda" International Communication Summit Forum also launched a special exhibition of outstanding film and television works in international communication. Through online and offline means, more than 20 outstanding film and television works at home and abroad won the "Golden Panda" International Communication Award last year, further enhancing the communication power and influence of the "Golden Panda" International Communication Award, and giving better play to the leading and exemplary role of the "Golden Panda" Award in the creation and overseas communication of outstanding works.

At the opening ceremony, Meng Dong, deputy director of the State Administration of Radio and Television, delivered a keynote speech, and Hu Zhanfan, vice chairman of the China Federation of Literary and Art Circles and chairman of the China Television Artists Association, and Gan Lin, member of the Standing Committee of the Provincial Party Committee and Minister of Propaganda Department, delivered speeches. Vice Governor Luo Qiang presided over the opening ceremony.

Responsible comrades from Central Radio and Television General Station, Publicity Department of the Communist Party of China International Liaison Bureau, Asia-Pacific Broadcasting Union and other units attended the opening ceremony.(Reporter   Wu Menglin   Bian Yu)

It may not be the pillar, but it is still a force to be reckoned with.

Supercharged engine is one of the earliest devices used to generate more power. Although turbochargers have largely replaced supercharged engines, some automobile manufacturers still use supercharged engines-the most famous is American manufacturers.

The origin of supercharged engines can be traced back to the 1960s, when Roots Blower Company created an "air propeller" for blast furnaces. In 1878, Heinrich Krigar, a German engineer, applied for a patent for the screw supercharger, but he never used it. In the same year, engineer Dugald Clerk was the first person to use it on an engine, and in 1885, () was the first person to use mechanical supercharging on an automobile engine. At the same time, Renault became the first person to apply for a patent for centrifugal supercharger in 1902. In 1923, it was the first company to produce supercharged series cars, followed by, Miller, Draghi, and. Today, most supercharged engines come from the United States, and Ford and Ford all use this device to increase the output power of the engine.

At the beginning of the 21st century, Chevrolet introduced compact cars and two doors to compete with other models. Although its 2.4-liter inline 4-cylinder engine is relatively boring, Chevrolet added a 2.0-liter EcoTec inline 4-cylinder engine with one installed on the side.

The result is LSJ, a 205-horsepower engine that powers the front wheels of the Cobalt SS model and other models on the same platform. Chevrolet dealers offer upgrades to increase power to 260 HP and 290 HP-creating a fairly powerful and fast car. After emission limitation, the supercharged engine was replaced by the turbocharged engine.

It is either clever or lazy when designing AJ126 V6, because the engine block is the same as AJ133 V8, but two cylinders are removed. The engine also went to 3.0 liters, and to make up for the power, Jaguar added a supercharger. The result is one of the best V6 engines ever.

The power of AJ126 is between 335 and 400 horsepower, and it is still available in some markets, because Jaguar has stopped production and switched to 4-cylinder and 4-cylinder.

Audi EA837 made its debut in B8 S4, replacing the excellent 4.2-liter V8 engine on S4 and S5 models. EA837 has a displacement of 3.0 liters and adopts mechanical supercharging instead of traditional German turbocharging.

EA837 may produce less power and torque than the naturally aspirated V8 engine it replaces, but Audi has deliberately adjusted it to avoid stealing the limelight of RS4 and RS5. A simple remapping shows that EA837 generates as much power as 4.2 liters RS4 and RS5-all of which create an intoxicating supercharged buzz.

Ford Modular V8 engine is a very important engine, because it is featured in many cars other than Ford Motor Company. One of the best applications is the Ford F-150 SVT lightning, which has a displacement of 5.4 liters and a supercharged engine at the top.

Everyone may know that the same engine was used in 2005, although there was more power and torque-a simple supercharged pulley with the GT owner could get about 700 horsepower. Modular V8 will continue to be Coyote V8 and all subsequent versions.

Jaguar AJ133 is an upgraded version of AJ-V8 in 1990s, but it adopts an updated engine block and internal structure. AJ133 can be provided as a natural aspirator, or provided with mechanical pressurization in R, R- s, R- s GT, SV and SVR Jaguar models.

The horsepower of the supercharged AJ133 is between 444 and 600 horsepower, depending on the interior and model year. AJ133 was also the engine choice for SV projects 7 and 8-the latter was the most powerful engine version of the smallest car made by Jaguar at that time.

Aston martin V8 engine lasted from 1969 to 2000, and had different configurations on many different models, including enlarging the engine to 6.3 liters to obtain more power.

The most powerful version is the Vantage V 600 in 1998. The 5.3-liter V8 engine is equipped with double supercharge, producing 600 horsepower comparable to that of a super sports car. Although this generation of Vantage is not the best-looking, the idea of double supercharged Aston Martin is simple and amazing.

Although the V8 is technically a Ford modular engine, Koenigsegg has changed so much that it may become part of the manufacturer’s engine catalog. In addition to replacing almost everything, Koenigsegg added twin supercharged engines to increase power.

The resulting power output is the rear wheel with 806 horsepower. The CCR provided by Koenigsegg has only one 6-speed, which increases the awe. After that, Koenigsegg continued to use twin turbochargers to create his own engine.

Mercedes-Benz M113 is one of the greatest German v8 engines of all time, providing excellent performance and reliability. AMG got their hands and created M133K-a supercharged version, which is not only comparable to super sports cars in performance, but also durable enough to handle modification.

The output power of M133K is between 470 and 574 horsepower-the latter is typical in CLK AMG DTM special edition. M113K is the engine choice for all large AMG models, including E55, CL55 and G55.

Chevrolet LT4 V8 was built on the previous generation LS9 engine, but the interior was improved and a different supercharger was adopted. The LT4 has a displacement of 6.2 liters, and the output power is between 640 and 682 horsepower depending on the vehicle model.

Before the brilliant ZL1, LT4 made its debut at Z06 in 2015. Recently, the LT4 powered the and powered the car in its highest power version.

The Hellcat engine is probably the most important engine in the past decade, producing a huge 707 horsepower from the inventory. In the past eight years, the engine has been updated and now produces 797 horsepower in the conventional configuration.

In order to make the engine make a loud noise, Chrysler adjusted the engine power of the 2023 SRT Demon 170 to 1,025 HP, making it the most powerful mass production in history, 185 HP higher than that of the 2018 Demon. Hellcat engine is an iconic engine. When the electric muscle car comes in the next few years, it will be deeply missed.

[Autohome Jingzhou Discount Promotion Channel] Autohome Jingzhou Channel is currently in the promotion stage, with a maximum discount of 28,000 yuan and a minimum starting price of 188,600 yuan. If you are considering buying eπ 008, you may wish to pay attention to this promotion and strive for higher discounts by clicking "Check Car Price" in the quotation form.

eπ008的外观设计充满未来感与科技感。其前脸设计采用了极具辨识度的封闭式进气格栅，搭配锐利的大灯组，营造出强烈的视觉冲击力。车身线条流畅，整体风格偏向年轻化和运动化，展现出强烈的个性化特点。

eπ008拥有优雅的车身线条，长宽高分别为5002mm、1972mm和1732mm，轴距达到3025mm，为乘客提供了宽敞的乘坐空间。车侧线条流畅，搭配21英寸轮圈，采用265/45 R21轮胎规格，彰显动感与时尚。

eπ008的内饰设计风格简约而富有科技感，中控台上的15.6英寸高清触摸屏是整个驾驶舱的核心，支持多媒体系统、导航、电话以及空调的语音识别控制。方向盘采用皮质包裹，手感出色，支持手动上下和前后调节，方便驾驶员找到最舒适的位置。此外，车内配备了多个USB和Type-C接口，满足不同乘客的充电需求，而前排则设有无线充电功能，让手机随时保持电量充足。座椅采用仿皮材质，主副驾驶座椅均支持前后调节、靠背调节、高低调节以及腰部支撑调节，提供极佳的乘坐舒适性。驾驶位和副驾驶位均配备了电动座椅记忆功能，而前排座椅还增加了加热、通风以及头枕扬声器，为乘客带来更加丰富的体验。第二排座椅同样配备了多种调节功能，包括前后调节、靠背调节和腿托调节，进一步提升了后排乘客的舒适度。后排座椅还可以按照比例放倒，为乘客提供了更多的储物空间。

eπ008搭载的是一款高性能发动机，拥有200kW的最大功率和340N·m的最大扭矩，为车辆提供了充沛的动力和出色的驾驶体验。

汽车之家车主对eπ008的外观给予了高度评价，他觉得这款车很大气，是自己非常喜欢的感觉。虽然外观的评价很大程度上取决于个人喜好，但他认为eπ008的外观还是很赞的，并建议大家选择白色车漆，因为白色不仅大气，而且还不需要额外加钱。

【汽车之家保定优惠促销频道】近日，在保定市场迎来了优惠促销活动，最高可享受2.8万元的降价优惠，目前最低起售价格已降至17.86万元。如果您有意购买eπ008，不妨点击报价表格中的“查提车价”，争取到更多优惠。

eπ008的外观设计采用了大胆且独特的前脸造型，前脸部分的进气格栅采用了一体式的封闭设计，彰显了其电动车型的身份。整体风格简洁而富有科技感，车身线条流畅且具有动感，给人一种充满未来感的视觉体验。

eπ008的车身尺寸为5002*1972*1732毫米，轴距为3025毫米，前后轮距均为1650毫米，提供了宽敞的内部空间和稳定的行驶性能。车侧线条流畅，搭配265/45 R21的轮胎规格，展现了时尚动感的视觉效果。同时，精心设计的轮圈风格进一步提升了整车的运动感和豪华感。

eπ008的内饰风格充满了科技感和豪华感，中控台配备了一块15.6英寸的高清中控屏幕，操作流畅，功能丰富，支持多媒体系统、导航、电话、空调等功能的语音识别控制。方向盘采用真皮材质，触感舒适，并支持手动上下及前后调节。前排座椅采用仿皮材质，主副驾驶位均可实现前后调节、靠背调节、高低调节和腰部支撑调节，主驾驶位还具备加热、通风、按摩和头枕扬声器功能。此外，车内还配备了手机无线充电功能，前排和后排均设有USB和Type-C接口，方便乘客为电子设备充电。第二排座椅支持靠背调节和腿托调节，后排座椅可按比例放倒，提升了空间利用的灵活性。

eπ008搭载了一台1.5T 147马力的L4发动机，最大功率达到108千瓦，最大扭矩为210牛·米。搭配电动车单速变速箱，为驾驶者带来平顺且强劲的动力体验。

汽车之家车主 表示：“外观真的很大气，尤其是黑色，和朋友的理想L7相比一点都不逊色。”

Recently, the 2024 model has arrived at dealerships across the country for display. The car will be officially launched in July, and minor adjustments have been made to various aspects such as exterior, interior, and power. Although the changes are not significant, there are indeed many modifications, which are equivalent to a major facelift. In fact, it is equivalent to keeping up with the new pace and maintaining the synchronized performance of the same level of models.

Specifically, the biggest change in appearance is the increase in the amount of chrome plating, whether it is an important version of the horizontal strip or a large area of chrome plating in the honeycomb shape, or a silver decorative strip, in short, showing a stronger visual impact and a sense of advanced, and no longer adhere to the so-called sportiness. It seems that I have found that I do not have that kind of temperament, obviously I have figured out something. On the side of the body, the overall design of the new car will not change significantly, but it is still a relatively low and second slender standard line. The main difference is that the wheel hub adopts a new black shape, which has a stronger sense of power and luxury, corresponding to the chrome-plated front.

In the rear part of the car, the most significant change is the addition of a light bar that can be lit inside the through taillight, which really forms a through light source, not just a red decorative strip, showing a stronger sense of recognition and technology. In addition, the rear bumper part also has certain adjustments, corresponding to the front of the car, so that the style of the whole car is unified. In the interior part, the new car changes are more obvious, the first is the increase in the size of the central control screen, 12.3 inches widescreen, with better visual effects, but also updated to the same car. Of course, the corresponding LCD dashboard also has an interface update, showing a stronger sense of technology.

On this basis, it may be because the widening of the screen is not below, so the floating screen design is adopted, but this unique floating shape is trended with a touch-wrapped air conditioner, which is very personalized. On this basis, of course, it comes from the modification of the front end area of the armrest box, which is no longer connected, so there is an independent shape that adds a larger area of leather stitching process to cover more advanced, and the overall area is also lifted upward, which makes a smoother transition with the central armrest box, which is more elegant. In addition, another modification is that the steering wheel adopts the same latest family style as the Camry, with clearer multi-function buttons and more refined overall.

In addition, there are some routine enhancements, such as the addition of more delicate stitching technology to cover the seats and colorful atmosphere light strips, reflecting the visual effect that the new car should have in 2024. Of course, the signboard’s ubiquitous wood grain decoration will not be absent, showing the unique Japanese luxury style. In terms of power, the new car is also synchronized with the new Camry, equipped with 2.0-liter fuel, 2.0-liter and 2.5-liter systems. All kinds of power and parameters are basically the same, and it has a better performance in terms of economy. It is matched with CVT or ECVT gearboxes. More information has yet to be officially announced, which is very worth looking forward to.

Welcome to [Autohome Quzhou Discount Promotion Channel]. In order to meet the needs of the majority of car enthusiasts, we have brought exciting news. At present, the much-watched Toyota models are holding a grand promotion, covering the Quzhou area, providing car buyers with real car purchase benefits. The maximum discount amount has reached an amazing 35,000 yuan, which means you can get this luxury car at a lower starting price. The minimum starting price is already as low as 158,800 yuan, which is an opportunity not to be missed. Want to know more details and get higher preferential treatment? Don’t hesitate to click the "Check the car price" button in the quotation form to make the discount within reach.

For the appearance introduction of the Asian Dragon, it shows an elegant and dynamic design concept. The front part of the face adopts sharp contour lines, and the exquisite air intake grille is like a delicate mesh weaving, exuding a sense of power and technology. The overall style is exquisite and atmospheric, blending the essence of oriental aesthetics and modern car design, which is unforgettable at a glance. The streamlined body line is combined with the low body height, which not only enhances the driving stability, but also highlights its unique sporty style. Whether it is the body details or the overall shape, the Asian Dragon shows the persistent pursuit of luxury and performance.

The side lines of the Asian Dragon are elegant and smooth, the body size is huge, the length, width and height are 4990mm*1850mm*1450mm, and the wheelbase is 2870mm, providing a spacious interior space for passengers. The distribution of the front wheelbase of 1595mm and the rear wheelbase of 1605mm ensures driving stability. The tire specification of 215/55 R17, with exquisite wheel design, not only strengthens the visual impact of the vehicle, but also provides good driving performance. Overall, the side of the Asian Dragon shows the perfect combination of power and dynamics.

The interior design of the Toyota Asian Dragon combines modern and elegant, and the overall style is simple but exquisite. The cockpit uses a plastic steering wheel, which is not only lightweight, but also provides a good grip. The 10.25-inch central control screen acts as the information center of the vehicle, which is convenient to operate and has a clear display, which enhances the driver’s convenience and technology sense. The seats are made of fabric, which is comfortable to touch, and supports front and rear adjustment, backrest adjustment and high and low adjustment to ensure passenger comfort. The front and rear rows are equipped with multiple USB/Type-C ports to meet the entertainment and charging needs of passengers during driving. This configuration design makes the Asian Dragon interior both practical and user-friendly.

For the Asian Dragon, its 2.0L engine can provide 173 horsepower output and a maximum torque of 206N · m. This engine uses an L4 layout, which is matched with a CVT continuously variable transmission (simulated 10 gears), ensuring the ride and fuel economy of the vehicle in various driving situations.

To sum up, the Autohome owner praised the appearance of the Asian Dragon, which he described as domineering and mature, showing a high-end sense of class. He particularly mentioned the stylish design of the grid in the front face, the slender lines on the side and the fullness of the rear and the handsome balance of the tail wing. He was impressed by the coordination of the overall body design. This evaluation undoubtedly provided confidence to potential car buyers, further strengthening the visual charm of the Asian Dragon.